Kufotokozera Kwachidule:
Nambala ya CAS: 69004-03-1
Molecular formula: C18H14F3N3O4S
molekyulu kulemera: 425.38
Chemical kapangidwe:
| Zambiri Zoyambira | |
| Dzina la malonda | Toltrazuril |
| CAS No. | 69004-03-1 |
| Mtundu | White kapena pafupifupi woyera crystalline ufa |
| Gulu | Feed Grade |
| Kusungirako | Osindikizidwa muuma, Kutentha Kwapachipinda |
| Shelf Life | zaka 2 |
| Gwiritsani ntchito | Ng'ombe, Nkhuku, Galu, Nsomba, Hatchi, Nkhumba |
| Phukusi | 25kg /ng'oma |
Kufotokozera
Toltrazuril (Baycox®,Procox®) ndi mankhwala a triazinon omwe ali ndi anticoccidial komanso antiprotozoalactivity. Sichikupezeka pamalonda ku United States, koma chimapezeka m'maiko ena. Imagwira motsutsana ndi magawo onse osagonana komanso ogonana a coccidia poletsa magawano a nyukiliya a schizonts ndi ma microga-monts ndi matupi opangira khoma a macrogamonts. Zitha kukhala zothandiza pochiza neonatal porcinecoccidiosis, EPM, ndi canine hepatozoonosis.
Toltrazuril ndi metabolite yake yayikulu ponazuril (toltrazuril sulfone, Marquis) ndi mankhwala oletsa antiprotozoal opangidwa ndi triazine omwe ali ndi zochita zenizeni polimbana ndi matenda a apicomplexan coccidial. Toltrazuril sapezeka ku United States.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala
Nkhumba: Toltrazuril yasonyezedwa kuti imachepetsa zizindikiro za coccidiosis mu nkhumba zoyamwitsa zomwe zili ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda pamene mkamwa umodzi wa 20-30 mg/kg BWdose umaperekedwa kwa nkhumba za 3 mpaka 6 (Driesen et al., 1995). Zizindikiro zachipatala zidachepetsedwa kuchokera ku 71 mpaka 22% ya nkhumba zoyamwitsa, ndipo kutsekula m'mimba ndi kutuluka kwa oocyst kunachepetsedwanso ndi chithandizo cham'kamwa chimodzi. Zogulitsa zovomerezeka zimakhala ndi nthawi yochotsa masiku 77 ku United Kingdom.
Ana a ng'ombe ndi ana a nkhosa: Toltrazuril amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa zizindikiro za matenda a coccidiosis komanso kuchepetsa kukhetsa kwa ana a ng'ombe ndi ana a nkhosa ngati chithandizo cha mlingo umodzi. Nthawi zosiya ku United Kingdom ndi masiku 63 ndi 42 kwa ana a ng'ombe ndi anaankhosa, motsatana.
Agalu: Kwa hepatozoonosis, toltrazuril yoperekedwa pakamwa pa 5 mg/kg BW maola 12 aliwonse kwa masiku 5 kapena kuperekedwa pakamwa pa 10 mg/kg BW maola 12 aliwonse kwa masiku 10 kumayambitsa kukhululukidwa kwa zizindikiro zachipatala mwa agalu omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda m'masiku 2-3. Macintire et al., 2001). Tsoka ilo, agalu ambiri omwe adalandira chithandizo adayambiranso ndipo pamapeto pake adamwalira ndi hepatozoonosis. Mu ana agalu omwe ali ndi Isospora sp. matenda, mankhwala ndi 0.45 mg emodepside osakaniza 9 mg/kg BW toltrazuril (Procox®, Bayer Animal Health) amachepetsa ndowe oocyst kuwerengera ndi 91.5-100%. Panalibe kusiyana pakati pa nthawi ya kutsekula m'mimba pamene chithandizo chinayambika pambuyo poyambira zizindikiro zachipatala panthawi ya matenda a patent (Altreuther et al., 2011).
Amphaka: Mwa ana amphaka omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka Isospora spp., chithandizo chapakamwa chimodzi cha 0.9 mg emodepside pamodzi ndi 18 mg/kg BW toltrazuril (Procox®, Bayer AnimalHealth) amachepetsa kukhetsa kwa oocyst ndi 96.7–100% ngati ataperekedwa pa nthawi ya prepatent. nthawi (Petry et al., 2011).
Mahatchi: Toltrazuril yagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza EPM. Mankhwalawa ndi otetezeka, ngakhale pa mlingo waukulu. Mankhwala omwe akulimbikitsidwa masiku ano ndi 5-10 mg/kg pakamwa kwa masiku 28. Ngakhale kuti toltrazuril ndiyothandiza kwambiri, kagwiritsidwe kake ka mahatchi kachepa chifukwa cha kupezeka kwabwino kwa mankhwala ena othandiza.
